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Opioids & SU
The Literature Collection contains over 11,000 references for published and grey literature on the integration of behavioral health and primary care. Learn More
Use the Search feature below to find references for your terms across the entire Literature Collection, or limit your searches by Authors, Keywords, or Titles and by Year, Type, or Topic. View your search results as displayed, or use the options to: Show more references per page; Sort references by Title or Date; and Refine your search criteria. Expand an individual reference to View Details. Full-text access to the literature may be available through a link to PubMed, a DOI, or a URL. References may also be exported for use in bibliographic software (e.g., EndNote, RefWorks, Zotero).
13016 Results
2405
Chronic Disease Screening and Prevention Activities in Mental Health Clinics in New York State: Current Practices and Future Opportunities
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2020
Publication Place:
United States
Abstract:
To understand mental health clinics' chronic disease screening and prevention activities, we surveyed mental health clinics in New York State regarding 16 preventive services. Both numerical and qualitative data were collected. Responding clinics (123, 24.7%) were most likely to report having up-to-date screening/management of tobacco use (114, 92.7%) and were most likely to refer out for infectious disease and cancer screening (57.7%-62.6%). Compared to private/non-profit clinics, county- and state-operated clinics were more likely to refer out for infectious disease screening and to ensure up-to-date: lipid disorder screening, abnormal glucose screening, HIV screening, and cancer screenings. Clinics reported a need for: (1) hiring more (dedicated) medical staff; (2) providing staff trainings; (3) educating patients; and (4) integrating with patients' primary care providers. Implementing proven approaches-and developing new ones-for enhanced chronic disease prevention activities through improvements in policy, staffing, and reimbursement is warranted in mental health clinics.
Topic(s):
General Literature
See topic collection
2406
Chronic Disease Screening and Prevention Activities in Mental Health Clinics in New York State: Current Practices and Future Opportunities
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2020
Publication Place:
United States
Abstract:
To understand mental health clinics' chronic disease screening and prevention activities, we surveyed mental health clinics in New York State regarding 16 preventive services. Both numerical and qualitative data were collected. Responding clinics (123, 24.7%) were most likely to report having up-to-date screening/management of tobacco use (114, 92.7%) and were most likely to refer out for infectious disease and cancer screening (57.7%-62.6%). Compared to private/non-profit clinics, county- and state-operated clinics were more likely to refer out for infectious disease screening and to ensure up-to-date: lipid disorder screening, abnormal glucose screening, HIV screening, and cancer screenings. Clinics reported a need for: (1) hiring more (dedicated) medical staff; (2) providing staff trainings; (3) educating patients; and (4) integrating with patients' primary care providers. Implementing proven approaches-and developing new ones-for enhanced chronic disease prevention activities through improvements in policy, staffing, and reimbursement is warranted in mental health clinics.
Topic(s):
General Literature
See topic collection
2410
Chronic noncancer pain management in primary care: Family medicine physicians' risk assessment of opioid misuse
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2015
Publication Place:
England
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: The majority of patients with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) are managed in the primary care settings. The primary care family physician (PCFP) generally has limited time, training, or access to resources to effectively evaluate and treat these patients, particularly when there is the added potential liability of prescribing opioids. The aim of this study is to make a favorable change in PCFPs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about opioid use in CNCP via education on assessment of the risk of opioid misuse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The universe of this cross-sectional study comprised 36 family physicians working at Family Health Centers affiliated to Antalya Provincial Directorate of Health who volunteered to participate in the study. Initially, a survey on patients risk assessment was performed in both intervention and control groups; whereas the intervention group received education on assessment of the risk of opioid misuse, the control group did not. The survey was repeated after 6 months and the intervention group underwent a core examination. Data obtained were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 statistics program. Intervention and control groups were compared. Additionally, pre- and post-education results of the intervention group were also compared. RESULTS: About 61.1% of family physicians reported concern and hesitation in prescribing opioids due to known risks, such as overdose, addiction, dependence, or diversion, and agreed that family physicians should apply risk assessment before opioid use in CNCP. Only 16.6% of PCFP reported that risk assessment is not so necessary, whereas 22.2% of PCFP were undecided. Although 47.2% of the family physicians expressed a willingness to apply risk assessment before starting opioids, the rate of eagerness increased markedly to 77.7% after the education, but the rate of increase in practicing was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Knowledge and competency of the family physicians in managing CNCP were improved as was expected. Although the rate of eagerness about risk assessment of opioid misuse was increased, expected increase in the rate of using risk assessment was not achieved. Further studies are needed to identify the reasons of the difficulties on changing the attitudes and practices of primary care physicians about this subject.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
, Education & Workforce
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic noncancer pain management in primary care: Family medicine physicians' risk assessment of opioid misuse
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View the PubMed citation for Chronic noncancer pain management in primary care: Family medicine physicians' risk assessment of opioid misuse
2411
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among opioid-dependent patients in agonist treatment. A diagnostic study
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2019
Publication Place:
England
Topic(s):
Measures
See topic collection
, Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among opioid-dependent patients in agonist treatment. A diagnostic study
View DOI Record
View the PubMed citation for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among opioid-dependent patients in agonist treatment. A diagnostic study
2412
Chronic opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain: a review and comparison of treatment guidelines
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2014
Publication Place:
United States
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Long-term opioid use for chronic non-cancer pain has increased substantially in recent years despite the paucity of strong supporting scientific data and concerns regarding adverse effects and potential misuse. STUDY DESIGN: Review and summary of practice guidelines available on PubMed and Cochrane databases as well as on the Internet on chronic opioid therapy from June 2004 to June 2013. OBJECTIVE: To review expert-developed practice guidelines on chronic opioid therapy, published in different countries over the past decade in order to reveal similar principles of therapy and to provide useful information and references for future development of opioid guidelines to identify adequately supported practice points and areas in need of further scientific evidence. METHOD: Seven guidelines were identified as pertaining specifically to the long-term use of opioids for general chronic non-cancer pain from an initial search of the PubMed/Medline and Cochrane databases using combinations of the search terms "opioid," "chronic opioid therapy," "chronic pain," "chronic non-cancer pain," "chronic non-malignant pain," "guidelines," "practice guidelines," and "clinical practice guidelines," filtered to include only articles on humans published in the English language over the past 10 years. RESULTS: All guidelines espouse an individual approach to management, beginning with a comprehensive patient evaluation, with particular focus on eliciting factors that may indicate potential drug misuse and abuse, and a trial of therapy to determine the course of treatment. Goals of treatment should be adequately discussed with and consented to by the patient. Opioids are generally not recommended as first-line therapy but, when used, clinicians should closely monitor patients for loss of response, adverse effects or aberrant behavior, and revise the treatment plan accordingly. Urine drug testing (UDT) may be used as a tool to monitor for aberrant behavior or drug misuse; opioid rotation may be considered when loss of response or adverse effects are a concern, at a starting dose lower than the calculated equianalgesic dose. LIMITATIONS: Information on some African nations, countries in the Middle-East, and Pacific Islands is not available and therefore was not included in this review. CONCLUSION: There is a growing body of scientific evidence to support opioid use in chronic pain. Future work should focus on continuing to generate good-quality evidence on the long-term benefits of opioid therapy, as well as scientific data to guide drug choice and dosing for specific conditions, populations, and situations.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the PubMed citation for Chronic opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain: a review and comparison of treatment guidelines
2413
Chronic opioid therapy for nonmalignant pain: The patient's perspective. Part II--Barriers to chronic opioid therapy
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2010
Publication Place:
United States
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic opioid therapy for nonmalignant pain: The patient's perspective. Part II--Barriers to chronic opioid therapy
View DOI Record
View the PubMed citation for Chronic opioid therapy for nonmalignant pain: The patient's perspective. Part II--Barriers to chronic opioid therapy
2414
Chronic opioid therapy urine drug testing in primary care: prevalence and predictors of aberrant results
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2014
Publication Place:
United States
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Urine drug tests (UDTs) are recommended for patients on chronic opioid therapy (COT). Knowledge of the risk factors for aberrant UDT results could help optimize their use. OBJECTIVE: To identify primary care COT patient and opioid regimen characteristics associated with aberrant UDT results. DESIGN: Population-based observational. SAMPLE: 5,420 UDTs for Group Health integrated group practice COT patients. MEASURES: Group Health database measures of patient demographics, medical history, COT characteristics, and UDT results. RESULTS: Thirty percent of UDTs had aberrant results, including prescribed opioid non-detection (12.3%), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 11.2%), non-prescribed opioid (5.3%), illicit drug (excluding THC; 0.6%), non-prescribed benzodiazepine (1.7%), and dilute (4.8%). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of any aberrant result were higher for males than females (1.24 [1.07, 1.43]), patients with versus without prior substance use disorder diagnoses (1.42 [1.17, 1.72]), and current smokers versus non-smokers (1.50 [1.30, 1.73]). Odds ratios were lower for patients aged 45-64 (0.77 [0.65, 0.92]) and 65+ (0.40 [0.32, 0.50]) versus patients aged 20-44 and for patients on long-acting opioids only (0.72 [0.55, 0.95]) or long-acting plus short-acting (0.67 [0.54, 0.83]) versus short-acting only. Adjusted odds of prescribed opioid non-detection were lower for patients aged 45-64 (0.79 [0.63, 0.998]) and 65+ (0.44 [0.32, 0.59]) versus patients aged 20-44, for those on 40-<120 mg daily morphine-equivalent dose (0.52 [0.39, 0.70]) or 120+ mg (0.22 [0.11, 0.43]) versus <40 mg, and for patients on long-acting (0.35 [0.21, 0.57]) or long-acting plus short-acting (0.35 [0.24, 0.50]) opioids (versus short-acting only); and odds ratios were higher for patients with versus without prior diagnoses of substance use disorder (1.70 [1.31, 2.20]). CONCLUSIONS: In this primary care setting, results were aberrant for 30% of UDTs of COT patients, largely because of prescribed opioid non-detection and THC. Aberrant results of almost all types were more likely among patients under the age of 45. Other risk factors varied across aberrancies, but commonly included current smoking and prior substance use disorder diagnosis.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic opioid therapy urine drug testing in primary care: prevalence and predictors of aberrant results
View DOI Record
View the PubMed citation for Chronic opioid therapy urine drug testing in primary care: prevalence and predictors of aberrant results
2415
Chronic pain and depression among primary care patients treated with buprenorphine
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2015
Publication Place:
United States
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Pain and depression are each prevalent among opioid dependent patients receiving maintenance buprenorphine, but their interaction has not been studied in primary care patients. OBJECTIVE: We set out to examine the relationship between chronic pain, depression, and ongoing substance use, among persons maintained on buprenorphine in primary care settings. DESIGN: Between September 2012 and December 2013, we interviewed buprenorphine patients at three practice sites. PARTICIPANTS: Opioid dependent persons at two private internal medicine offices and a federally qualified health center participated in the study. MAIN MEASURES: Pain was measured in terms of chronicity, with chronic pain being defined as pain lasting at least 6 months; and in terms of severity, as measured by self-reported pain in the past week, measured on a 0-100 scale. We defined mild chronic pain as pain severity between 0 and 39 and lasting at least 6 months, and moderate/severe chronic pain as severity >/= 40 and lasting at least 6 months. To assess depression, we used the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) ten-item symptom scale and the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). KEY RESULTS: Among 328 participants, 169 reported no chronic pain, 56 reported mild chronic pain, and 103 reported moderate/severe chronic pain. Participants with moderate/severe chronic pain commonly used non-opioid pain medications (56.3%) and antidepressants (44.7%), yet also used marijuana, alcohol, or cocaine (40.8%) to help relieve pain. Mean CESD scores were 7.1 (+/-6.8), 8.3 (+/-6.0), and 13.6 (+/-7.6) in the no chronic, mild, and moderate/severe pain groups, respectively. Controlling for covariates, higher CESD scores were associated with a higher likelihood of moderate/severe chronic pain relative to both no chronic pain (OR = 1.09, p < 0.001) and mild chronic pain (OR = 1.06, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Many buprenorphine patients are receiving over-the-counter or prescribed pain medications, as well as antidepressants, and yet continue to have significant and disabling pain and depressive symptoms. There is a clear need to address the pain-depression nexus in novel ways.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
, Measures
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic pain and depression among primary care patients treated with buprenorphine
View DOI Record
View the PubMed citation for Chronic pain and depression among primary care patients treated with buprenorphine
2419
Chronic pain severity in opioid-dependent patients
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2008
Publication Place:
England
Abstract:
Treatment-seeking opioid-dependent patients present frequently with chronic pain (CP). This pilot study examined the feasibility and utility of a single-item rapid screening tool for identifying CP with implications for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment in a sample of patients presenting for inpatient opioid detoxification (n = 110). Most respondents (91.2%) reported pain in the past week. Forty-seven (42.8%) had CP. Individuals with severe CP had significantly greater depressive symptom severity, pain-related functional interference, and were more likely to be on disability than individuals with mild to moderate CP or no CP. The relationships were supported in a multivariate model. The results suggest it is feasible and important to assess for CP severity in SUD treatment settings.
Topic(s):
Measures
See topic collection
, Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
2420
Chronic prescription opioid use in pregnancy in the United States
Type:
Journal Article
Year:
2021
Publication Place:
England
Topic(s):
Healthcare Disparities
See topic collection
, Opioids & Substance Use
See topic collection
Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Chronic prescription opioid use in pregnancy in the United States
View DOI Record
View the PubMed citation for Chronic prescription opioid use in pregnancy in the United States