Email UpdatesThe AHRQ Academy conducted a literature search to find peer-reviewed articles and reports that focus on the quality of integration in behavioral and physical health care settings. The literature search was limited to common comorbid physical and mental health conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression, and anxiety. Clinical health outcomes were used as the primary markers of quality.
The Academy first performed an extensive search for clinical outcome measures that assess the quality of integration in health care settings using the following resources: National Quality Measures Clearinghouse, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), Health and Psychosocial Instruments (HAPI), PsycINFO, and PubMed. They also conducted searches specifically focusing on financial outcomes and provider experience with integrated behavioral health care.
An initial review of articles from the searches suggested that no specific clinical outcome measures for evaluating quality of integrated care exist. Measures in the articles either focused on an individual behavioral health condition or the physical health outcome alone. A final search was then conducted to identify additional articles about the psychometric properties of the outcome measures based on survey instruments.
The measures from the literature search were evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, validity, and reliability. To be selected for the final list of clinical outcome measures, the measure had to have at least two good psychometric properties.
Anxiety
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) (PDF )
A very brief and easy to perform initial screening tool for generalized anxiety disorder.
Depression
- Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PDF 104 KB)
This questionnaire is used as the initial screening test for major depressive episode.
- Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PDF 168.81kb)
The PHQ-9 is emerging as a standard depression instrument. National measures are increasingly based upon the PHQ-9.
Diabetes
Physical Health Conditions
- Multi-Dimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) (PDF 185.82kb)
© by Health Report Services, 615-479-5303, tedpincus@gmail.com
- Ischemic Vascular Disease (IVD): Blood Pressure Control (PDF 153.95kb)
Reproduced with permission from HEDIS 2015, Volume 2: Technical Specifications for Health Plans by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). HEDIS® is a registered trademark of NCQA. Visit the NCQA Web site for additional resources and information.
- Controlling High Blood Pressure (PDF 156.69kb)
Reproduced with permission from HEDIS 2015, Volume 2: Technical Specifications for Health Plans by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). HEDIS® is a registered trademark of NCQA. Visit NCQA Web site for additional resources and information.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Care: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Control (<8.0%) (PDF 156.12kb)
Reproduced with permission from HEDIS 2015, Volume 2: Technical Specifications for Health Plans by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). HEDIS® is a registered trademark of NCQA. Visit NCQA Web site for additional resources and information.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Care: Blood Pressure Control (<140/90 mm Hg) (PDF 154.77kb)
Reproduced with permission from HEDIS 2015, Volume 2: Technical Specifications for Health Plans by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). HEDIS® is a registered trademark of NCQA. Visit NCQA Web site for additional resources and information.
Substance Use/Substance Abuse
- Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) (PDF 85.90kb)
© 1982 by Harvey A. Skinner, Ph.D., and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. You may reproduce this instrument for noncommercial use (clinical, research, training purposes) as long as you credit the author, Dr. Harvey A. Skinner, York University, Toronto, Canada.
- Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (PDF 62.51kb)
Reproduced with permission of the publisher from Babor TF, Higgins-Biddle JC, Saunders JB, et al. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: guidelines for use in primary care, 2nd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013.
- Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) (PDF 34.9 KB)
A 3-item alcohol screen that can help identify persons who are hazardous drinkers or have active alcohol use disorders (including alcohol use disorder or dependence). The AUDIT-C is a modified version of the 10 question AUDIT instrument.