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Opioids & SU
The Literature Collection contains over 10,000 references for published and grey literature on the integration of behavioral health and primary care. Learn More
Use the Search feature below to find references for your terms across the entire Literature Collection, or limit your searches by Authors, Keywords, or Titles and by Year, Type, or Topic. View your search results as displayed, or use the options to: Show more references per page; Sort references by Title or Date; and Refine your search criteria. Expand an individual reference to View Details. Full-text access to the literature may be available through a link to PubMed, a DOI, or a URL. References may also be exported for use in bibliographic software (e.g., EndNote, RefWorks, Zotero).
10858 Results
3381
Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2007
Publication Place: United States
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that have focused on the treatment of patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4(th) Edition (DSM-IV) somatoform disorders. Although somatoform disorders are among the most common mental disorders presenting in the general medical setting, the strength of evidence for specific treatments has not been well synthesized. METHODS: MEDLINE search of articles published in English from 1966 to 2006, using the following search terms: randomized clinical trial, somatoform disorders, somatization disorder, undifferentiated somatoform disorder, hypochrondriasis, conversion disorder, pain disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. RESULTS: A total of 34 RCTs involving 3922 patients were included. Two thirds of the studies involved somatization disorder (n = 4 studies) and lower threshold variants, such as abridged somatization disorder (n = 9) and medically unexplained symptoms (n = 10). Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was effective in most studies (11 of 13), as were antidepressants in a small number (4 of 5) of studies. RCTs examining a variety of other treatments showed benefit in half (8 of 16) of the studies, the most consistent evidence existing for a consultation letter to the primary care physician. Effective treatments have been established for all somatoform disorders except conversion disorder (1 of 3 studies showing benefit) and pain disorder (no studies reported). CONCLUSION: CBT is the best established treatment for a variety of somatoform disorders, with some benefit also demonstrated for a consultation letter to the primary care physician. Preliminary but not yet conclusive evidence exists for antidepressants.
Topic(s):
Medically Unexplained Symptoms
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Reference Links: 
View the DOI record for Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials
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View the PubMed citation for Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: a review of randomized controlled trials3382
Efficacy of treatment in an opioid -dependent population group using the Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP) tool
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2009
Publication Place: Northern Ireland
Abstract: A pilot study was performed to assess the effectiveness of treatment in an opioid dependent population using the Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP) tool1.The primary outcome of the study was to assess if treatment had an effect on 1. Substance use (quantity and frequency of use), 2. Health risk behaviour (injecting and sharing injecting equipment), 3. Health symptoms (physical and psychological) and 4. Personal /Social functioning (relationships, employment and crime). A secondary outcome was also sought.The study took place in 2007 in an inner city Belfast hospital specialising in the treatment of addiction, over a two month period. Fifteen patients, all opioid dependent and receiving outpatient community treatment, were interviewed at baseline (prior to the commencement of treatment) and at eight weeks follow up.Three patients were lost to follow up. Two patients stopped using altogether. Of the remaining patients, improvements were seen in most areas. There was a decrease in the use of heroin (71.28%), cocaine (99.72%), crack cocaine (100%), cannabis (99.94%) and alcohol (33.17%). There was a reduction in injecting behaviour (60.93%). Improvements were observed in health with a reduction in physical (41.35%) and psychological (35%) symptoms. Overall personal and social functioning improved regarding interactions with family and friends. A reduction in crime was also observed (75%).Opinions and views of staff involved in the study were generally positive.This patient population presents with multiple and complex needs. Effective treatment needs to address these needs and not just drug addiction alone. The Maudsley Addiction Profile tool highlights this.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
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Reference Links: View the PubMed citation for Efficacy of treatment in an opioid -dependent population group using the Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP) tool
3387
Eight principles for safer opioid prescribing and cautions with benzodiazepines
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2015
Publication Place: England
Abstract: The provision of long-term opioid analgesic therapy for chronic pain requires a careful risk/benefit analysis followed by clinical safety measures to identify and reduce misuse, abuse, and addiction and their associated morbidity and mortality. Multiple data sources show that benzodiazepines, prescribed for comorbid insomnia, anxiety, and mood disorders, heighten the risk of respiratory depression and other adverse outcomes when combined with opioid therapy. Evidence is presented for hazards associated with coadministration of opioids and benzodiazepines and the need for caution when initiating opioid therapy for chronic pain. Clinical recommendations follow, as drawn from 2 previously published literature reviews, one of which proffers 8 principles for safer opioid prescribing; the other review presents risks associated with benzodiazepines, suggests alternatives for co-prescribing benzodiazepines and opioids, and outlines recommendations regarding co-prescribing if alternative therapies are ineffective.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
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, Education & Workforce
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Reference Links: View the PubMed citation for Eight principles for safer opioid prescribing and cautions with benzodiazepines
3391
Electronic health record functionality needed to better support primary care
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2014
Abstract: Electronic health records (EHRs) must support primary care clinicians and patients, yet many clinicians remain dissatisfied with their system. This article presents a consensus statement about gaps in current EHR functionality and needed enhancements to support primary care. The Institute of Medicine primary care attributes were used to define needs and meaningful use (MU) objectives to define EHR functionality. Current objectives remain focused on disease rather than the whole person, ignoring factors such as personal risks, behaviors, family structure, and occupational and environmental influences. Primary care needs EHRs to move beyond documentation to interpreting and tracking information over time, as well as patient-partnering activities, support for team-based care, population-management tools that deliver care, and reduced documentation burden. While stage 3 MU's focus on outcomes is laudable, enhanced functionality is still needed, including EHR modifications, expanded use of patient portals, seamless integration with external applications, and advancement of national infrastructure and policies.
Topic(s):
HIT & Telehealth
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View the DOI record for Electronic health record functionality needed to better support primary care
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View the PubMed citation for Electronic health record functionality needed to better support primary care3393
Electronic health record-based monitoring of primary care patients at risk of medication-related toxicity
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2012
Publication Place: United States
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Timely laboratory monitoring may reduce the potential harm associated with chronic medication use. A study was conducted to determine the proportion of patients receiving National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA)-recommended laboratory medication monitoring in a primary care setting and to assess the effect of electronic health record (EHR)-derived, paper-based, provider-specific feedback bulletins on subsequent patient receipt of medication monitoring. METHODS: In a single-arm, pre-post intervention in two federally qualified community health centers in Baltimore, patients targeted were adults prescribed at least 6 months (in the preceding year) for at least one index medication (digoxin, statins, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/ angiotensin II-receptor blockers) in a 12-month period (August 2008-July 2009). RESULTS: Among the 2,013 patients for whom medication monitoring was recommended, 42% were overdue for monitoring at some point during the study. As the number of index medications the patient was prescribed increased, the likelihood of ever being overdue for monitoring decreased. Being listed on the provider-specific monitoring bulletin doubled the odds of a patient receiving recommended laboratory monitoring before the next measurement period (1-2 months). Limiting the intervention to the most overdue patients, however, mitigated its overall impact. CONCLUSIONS: Recommended laboratory monitoring of chronic medications appears to be inconsistent in primary care, resulting in potential harm for individuals at risk for medication-related toxicity. EHRs may be an important component of systems designed to improve medication monitoring, but multimodal interventions will likely be needed to achieve high reliability.
Topic(s):
HIT & Telehealth
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Reference Links: View the PubMed citation for Electronic health record-based monitoring of primary care patients at risk of medication-related toxicity
3394
Electronic health records and support for primary care teamwork
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2015
Topic(s):
Education & Workforce
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, HIT & Telehealth
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Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Electronic health records and support for primary care teamwork
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View the PubMed citation for Electronic health records and support for primary care teamwork3395
Electronic medical records to increase the clinical treatment of tobacco dependence: a systematic review
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2010
Publication Place: Netherlands
Topic(s):
HIT & Telehealth
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Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Electronic medical records to increase the clinical treatment of tobacco dependence: a systematic review
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View the PubMed citation for Electronic medical records to increase the clinical treatment of tobacco dependence: a systematic review3396
Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: feasibility and user testing
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2009
Publication Place: United States
Abstract: Despite attention to prevention and screening for depression and alcohol use, Healthy People 2010 objectives continue to include goals to increase the detection of depression and decrease the rates of alcohol abuse. These problems remain significant. The overall goal of this study was to develop a computer-based electronic screening (eScreening) tool and determine the feasibility of implementing computer-based eScreening technology for rural visitors to a primary care clinic. The study called specifically for an electronic touch screen with voice prompts. This tool, called the eScreening tool, screens for alcohol abuse and depression among rural patients in a primary care setting. The screening was offered to rural adults who are not in acute distress and not at end of life, regardless of their stated reason for seeking medical care. Phase 1 of the pilot was used to determine the perceptions of nurses, other providers, and consumers regarding the acceptability and perceived usefulness of an eScreening tool. Phase 2 involved user testing of the eScreening tool. The longer term goals of the research program are to work with rural nurses to improve patient outcomes and develop interventions and for educational, consultation, and/or direct clinical care.
Topic(s):
HIT & Telehealth
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View the DOI record for Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: feasibility and user testing
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View the PubMed citation for Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: feasibility and user testing3397
Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: implementation
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2009
Publication Place: United States
Abstract: The goals of this study were to develop a computer-based electronic screening tool (eScreening) and determine the feasibility of implementing eScreening for rural users of primary care. This descriptive pilot adapted existing screening measures for depression and alcohol abuse to a portable computer-based format and examined the feasibility of its adoption and use. This was a three-step design using convenience samples for (1) a focus group with providers, (2) usability testing with selected rural patients using the computerized touch screen, and (3) implementing the touch screen platform with a small sample in primary care to determine feasibility. This paper reports on Phase III, which assessed consumer response to eScreening.
Topic(s):
Education & Workforce
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, HIT & Telehealth
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Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: implementation
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View the PubMed citation for Electronic screening for mental health in rural primary care: implementation3399
Elevated methylation and decreased serum concentrations of BDNF in patients in levomethadone compared to diamorphine maintenance treatment
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2017
Publication Place: Germany
Abstract: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) appears to play a crucial role in the reward response to drugs such as heroin. The primary objective of the present study was to examine epigenetic changes and serum levels of BDNF in patients undergoing different opiate-based maintenance treatments. We compared patients receiving treatment with either levomethadone (n = 55) or diamorphine (n = 28) with a healthy control group (n = 51). When comparing all subjects (patients and controls), BDNF serum levels showed a negative correlation with the BDNF IV promoter methylation rate (r = -0.177, p = 0.048). Furthermore, BDNF serum levels negatively correlated with Beck's Depression Inventory measurements (r = -0.177, p < 0.001). Patients receiving diamorphine maintenance treatment showed slightly decreased BDNF serum levels compared to healthy controls, whereas patients on levomethadone maintenance treatment with or without heroine co-use showed a pronounced decrease (analysis of covariance: control vs. levomethadone with and without heroine co-use: p < 0.0001, diamorphine vs. levomethadone with heroine co-use: p = 0.043, diamorphine vs. levomethadone without heroine co-use: p < 0.0001). According to these findings, methylation of the BDNF IV promoter showed the highest level in patients receiving levomethadone without heroine co-use (linear mixed model: control vs. levomethadone group without heroine co-use: p = 0.008, with heroin co-use: p = 0.050, diamorphine vs. levomethadone group with heroine co-use: p = 0.077 and without heroine co-use: p = 0.015.). For the first time, we show an epigenetic mechanism that may provide an explanation for mood destabilization in levomethadone maintenance treatment.
Topic(s):
Opioids & Substance Use
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3400
Eliminating Behavioral Health Disparities and Improving Outcomes for Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations
Type: Journal Article
Year: 2016
Publication Place: United States
Abstract: Integrated care holds promise for reducing mental health disparities for racial and ethnic minority groups, but studies are lacking. The authors consider critical components of effective integrated models for minority populations, including cultural and linguistic competence and a diverse workforce, and describe emerging best practices. To successfully implement integrated models into practice with minority populations will require guidance from communities, consumers and family members, and national experts.
Topic(s):
Healthcare Disparities
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Reference Links:
View the DOI record for Eliminating Behavioral Health Disparities and Improving Outcomes for Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations
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View the PubMed citation for Eliminating Behavioral Health Disparities and Improving Outcomes for Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations