TY - JOUR
KW - Chromatography, Liquid
KW - Equipment Design
KW - Florida
KW - Humans
KW - Limit of Detection
KW - Point-of-Care Systems
KW - Point-of-Care Testing
KW - Predictive Value of Tests
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Saliva/chemistry
KW - Street Drugs/analysis
KW - Substance Abuse Detection/instrumentation/methods
KW - Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis/metabolism
KW - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
AU - A. J. Krotulski
AU - A. L. A. Mohr
AU - M. Friscia
AU - B. K. Logan
A1 - 
AB - The collection and analysis of drugs in oral fluid (OF) at the roadside has become more feasible with the introduction of portable testing devices such as the Alere DDS(R)2 Mobile Test System (DDS(R)2). The objective of this study was to compare the on-site results for the DDS(R)2 to laboratory-based confirmatory assays with respect to detection of drugs of abuse in human subjects. As part of a larger Institutional Review Board approved study, two OF samples were collected from each participant at a music festival in Miami, FL, USA. One OF sample was field screened using the DDS(R)2, and a confirmatory OF sample was collected using the Quantisal OF collection device and submitted to the laboratory for testing. In total, 124 subjects participated in this study providing two contemporaneous OF samples. DDS(R)2 field screening yielded positive results for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (n = 27), cocaine (n = 12), amphetamine (n = 3), methamphetamine (n = 3) and benzodiazepine (n = 1). No opiate-positive OF samples were detected. For cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and benzodiazepines, the DDS(R)2 displayed sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 100%. For THC, the DDS(R)2 displayed sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 97.5%, when the threshold for confirmation matched that of the manufacturers advertised cut-off. When this confirmatory threshold was lowered to the analytical limit of detection (i.e., 1 ng/mL), apparent device performance for THC was poorer due to additional samples testing positive by confirmatory assay that had tested negative on the DDS(R)2, demonstrating a need for correlation between manufacturer cut-off and analytical reporting limit. These results from drug-using subjects demonstrate the value of field-based OF testing, and illustrate the significance of selecting an appropriate confirmation cut-off concentration with respect to performance evaluation and detection of drug use.
BT - Journal of analytical toxicology
C5 - Opioids & Substance Use
CP - 3
CY - England
DO - 10.1093/jat/bkx105
IS - 3
JF - Journal of analytical toxicology
N2 - The collection and analysis of drugs in oral fluid (OF) at the roadside has become more feasible with the introduction of portable testing devices such as the Alere DDS(R)2 Mobile Test System (DDS(R)2). The objective of this study was to compare the on-site results for the DDS(R)2 to laboratory-based confirmatory assays with respect to detection of drugs of abuse in human subjects. As part of a larger Institutional Review Board approved study, two OF samples were collected from each participant at a music festival in Miami, FL, USA. One OF sample was field screened using the DDS(R)2, and a confirmatory OF sample was collected using the Quantisal OF collection device and submitted to the laboratory for testing. In total, 124 subjects participated in this study providing two contemporaneous OF samples. DDS(R)2 field screening yielded positive results for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (n = 27), cocaine (n = 12), amphetamine (n = 3), methamphetamine (n = 3) and benzodiazepine (n = 1). No opiate-positive OF samples were detected. For cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and benzodiazepines, the DDS(R)2 displayed sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 100%. For THC, the DDS(R)2 displayed sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 97.5%, when the threshold for confirmation matched that of the manufacturers advertised cut-off. When this confirmatory threshold was lowered to the analytical limit of detection (i.e., 1 ng/mL), apparent device performance for THC was poorer due to additional samples testing positive by confirmatory assay that had tested negative on the DDS(R)2, demonstrating a need for correlation between manufacturer cut-off and analytical reporting limit. These results from drug-using subjects demonstrate the value of field-based OF testing, and illustrate the significance of selecting an appropriate confirmation cut-off concentration with respect to performance evaluation and detection of drug use.
PP - England
PY - 2018
SN - 1945-2403; 0146-4760
SP - 170
EP - 176
EP - 
T1 - Field Detection of Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluid Using the Alere DDS(R)2 Mobile Test System with Confirmation by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
T2 - Journal of analytical toxicology
TI - Field Detection of Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluid Using the Alere DDS(R)2 Mobile Test System with Confirmation by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
U1 - Opioids & Substance Use
U2 - 29301050
U3 - 10.1093/jat/bkx105
VL - 42
VO - 1945-2403; 0146-4760
Y1 - 2018
ER -