TY - JOUR
AU - R. Munoz-Navarro
AU - L. E. Garrido
AU - G. Esteller-Collado
AU - M. Carpallo-González
AU - F. Jurado-González
AU - M. Gálvez-Lara
AU - M. Prieto-Vila
AU - C. Gonzalez-Blanch
AU - P. Ruiz-Rodriguez
AU - J. A. Moriana
AU - A. Cano-Vindel
AU - L. A. Medrano
A1 - 
AB - Depression and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the world. The transdiagnostic approach to the study of these emotional disorders suggests that certain diagnostic categories, such as depression or anxiety disorders, share common underlying factors. This paper evaluated several models of common maladaptive cognitive factors in depressive and anxiety disorders (Study 1) and the predictive validity of these models (Study 2). In Study 1, 1703 primary care patients with suspected emotional disorder completed brief scales to assess the following cognitive factors: worry, rumination, attention to threat, and metacognitions. We found that the model with the best fit was the bifactor model, estimated through an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM). This bifactor model suggests that individual cognitive factors can be explained by a general factor plus four independent factors, evidencing the existence of a transdiagnostic cognitive factor (TD-C factor). In Study 2, a subgroup of 178 participants (from Study 1) were clinically diagnosed by semi-structured clinical interviews with major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and/or panic disorder. The predictive validity of TD-C factor was acceptable (AUC > 0.80), but specific factors were not predictive (AUC < 0.70), indicating that TD-C factor was a significant predictor for each diagnosis. This study supports the claim that there is a transdiagnostic cognitive factor that can predict the diagnosis of various depressive and anxiety disorders, thus potentially representing a useful transdiagnostic assessment.
AD - Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.; School of Psychology. Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.; Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.. Electronic address: garico@alumni.uv.es.; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Córdoba (España), Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Spain.; European Alliance Against Depression, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany; Mental Health Centre, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.; Mental Health Centre, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychology, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain.; Tres Cantos, Primary Care Center, Health Service of Madrid, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.; Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; School of Psychology. Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic; Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Córdoba, Argentina.
AN - 40633775
BT - J Affect Disord
C5 - Measures
DA - Dec 1
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2025.119821
DP - NLM
ET - 20250707
JF - J Affect Disord
LA - eng
N2 - Depression and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the world. The transdiagnostic approach to the study of these emotional disorders suggests that certain diagnostic categories, such as depression or anxiety disorders, share common underlying factors. This paper evaluated several models of common maladaptive cognitive factors in depressive and anxiety disorders (Study 1) and the predictive validity of these models (Study 2). In Study 1, 1703 primary care patients with suspected emotional disorder completed brief scales to assess the following cognitive factors: worry, rumination, attention to threat, and metacognitions. We found that the model with the best fit was the bifactor model, estimated through an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM). This bifactor model suggests that individual cognitive factors can be explained by a general factor plus four independent factors, evidencing the existence of a transdiagnostic cognitive factor (TD-C factor). In Study 2, a subgroup of 178 participants (from Study 1) were clinically diagnosed by semi-structured clinical interviews with major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and/or panic disorder. The predictive validity of TD-C factor was acceptable (AUC > 0.80), but specific factors were not predictive (AUC < 0.70), indicating that TD-C factor was a significant predictor for each diagnosis. This study supports the claim that there is a transdiagnostic cognitive factor that can predict the diagnosis of various depressive and anxiety disorders, thus potentially representing a useful transdiagnostic assessment.
PY - 2025
SN - 0165-0327
SP - 119821
ST - Evidence of a transdiagnostic cognitive-factor for the assessment of depression and anxiety disorders in primary care patients
T1 - Evidence of a transdiagnostic cognitive-factor for the assessment of depression and anxiety disorders in primary care patients
T2 - J Affect Disord
TI - Evidence of a transdiagnostic cognitive-factor for the assessment of depression and anxiety disorders in primary care patients
U1 - Measures
U3 - 10.1016/j.jad.2025.119821
VL - 390
VO - 0165-0327
Y1 - 2025
ER -