TY - JOUR
AU - A. Singh
AU - R. Riaz
AU - A. Verma
AU - H. Irfan
AU - A. Shaukat
AU - A. Nadeem
AU - P. Goyal
AU - A. Habib
AU - P. Satapathy
A1 - 
AB - This review explores the bidirectional relationship between mental health disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD), highlighting the potential of integrated healthcare models to improve outcomes. While CVD remains the leading cause of global mortality, traditionally linked to risk factors like hypertension and diabetes, emerging evidence shows that mental health conditions, especially depression and anxiety, significantly increase CVD risk through mechanisms such as chronic stress, inflammation, and neuroendocrine dysregulation. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system exacerbates inflammation, elevates blood pressure, and contributes to cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, the psychological burden of CVD often worsens mental health, creating a vicious cycle that complicates treatment adherence and patient management. Integrated care models offer a holistic approach to address these interconnected issues, potentially improving clinical outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and enhancing patient adherence. This review also explores the role of telehealth and digital health interventions in overcoming accessibility barriers, particularly for underserved populations. Finally, policy recommendations emphasize the need for increased funding, professional training in interdisciplinary care, and targeted outreach to ensure equitable access to integrated care. By addressing both CVD and mental health challenges, these models could improve quality of life and reduce the global burden of these intertwined diseases.
AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; Department of Internal Medicine, Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Hapur, India.; Department of Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.; Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.; Development of University Center for Research and, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.; Department of Medical Laboratories Technique, AL-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babil, Iraq.
AN - 40787495
BT - Ann Med Surg (Lond)
C5 - Education & Workforce; HIT & Telehealth
CP - 8
DA - Aug
DO - 10.1097/ms9.0000000000003391
DP - NLM
ET - 20250529
IS - 8
JF - Ann Med Surg (Lond)
LA - eng
N2 - This review explores the bidirectional relationship between mental health disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD), highlighting the potential of integrated healthcare models to improve outcomes. While CVD remains the leading cause of global mortality, traditionally linked to risk factors like hypertension and diabetes, emerging evidence shows that mental health conditions, especially depression and anxiety, significantly increase CVD risk through mechanisms such as chronic stress, inflammation, and neuroendocrine dysregulation. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system exacerbates inflammation, elevates blood pressure, and contributes to cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, the psychological burden of CVD often worsens mental health, creating a vicious cycle that complicates treatment adherence and patient management. Integrated care models offer a holistic approach to address these interconnected issues, potentially improving clinical outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and enhancing patient adherence. This review also explores the role of telehealth and digital health interventions in overcoming accessibility barriers, particularly for underserved populations. Finally, policy recommendations emphasize the need for increased funding, professional training in interdisciplinary care, and targeted outreach to ensure equitable access to integrated care. By addressing both CVD and mental health challenges, these models could improve quality of life and reduce the global burden of these intertwined diseases.
PY - 2025
SN - 2049-0801 (Print); 2049-0801
SP - 4963
EP - 4974+
ST - Integrating mental health and cardiovascular wellness: synergistic impacts and the promise of comprehensive care models
T1 - Integrating mental health and cardiovascular wellness: synergistic impacts and the promise of comprehensive care models
T2 - Ann Med Surg (Lond)
TI - Integrating mental health and cardiovascular wellness: synergistic impacts and the promise of comprehensive care models
U1 - Education & Workforce; HIT & Telehealth
U3 - 10.1097/ms9.0000000000003391
VL - 87
VO - 2049-0801 (Print); 2049-0801
Y1 - 2025
ER -