TY - JOUR
AU - D. L. L. Leao
AU - L. A. M. Moers
AU - H. P. Cremers
AU - D. van Veghel
AU - W. Groot
AU - M. Pavlova
A1 - 
AB - BACKGROUND: This study explores the facilitating and inhibiting factors in the design/development, implementation, and applicability/evaluation of value-based payment models of integrated care. The Delphi technique was used to reach consensus among a panel of (inter)national experts on these factors. METHODS: An expert panel of 15 members participated in a three-round Delphi study. Factors from experts and literature were used to compile a list of 40 facilitators and 40 inhibitors. Afterwards, experts were asked to rate the importance of these factors using a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS: Eight facilitating (e.g., transparency, communication, and trust among involved stakeholders) and seven inhibiting factors (e.g., lack of motivation and engagement among involved stakeholders) achieved full consensus. Timely availability of data and an integrated information technology system for data registration (a facilitator) were the only factors achieving full consensus through a very high agreement. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate outcome measures, targets, benchmarks, and incentives are important in value-based payment models. The less quantifiable items, such as strong leadership, transparency, communication and trust, and motivation and engagement of the involved stakeholders, are also important for successful adoption of these models and promote high-quality care at lower or equal costs.
AD - Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAHPRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands. d.lopesleao@maastrichtuniversity.nl.; Netherlands Heart Network, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.; , Maastro, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAHPRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
AN - 39838374
BT - BMC Health Serv Res
C5 - Financing & Sustainability
CP - 1
DA - Jan 22
DO - 10.1186/s12913-025-12281-z
DP - NLM
ET - 20250122
IS - 1
JF - BMC Health Serv Res
LA - eng
N2 - BACKGROUND: This study explores the facilitating and inhibiting factors in the design/development, implementation, and applicability/evaluation of value-based payment models of integrated care. The Delphi technique was used to reach consensus among a panel of (inter)national experts on these factors. METHODS: An expert panel of 15 members participated in a three-round Delphi study. Factors from experts and literature were used to compile a list of 40 facilitators and 40 inhibitors. Afterwards, experts were asked to rate the importance of these factors using a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS: Eight facilitating (e.g., transparency, communication, and trust among involved stakeholders) and seven inhibiting factors (e.g., lack of motivation and engagement among involved stakeholders) achieved full consensus. Timely availability of data and an integrated information technology system for data registration (a facilitator) were the only factors achieving full consensus through a very high agreement. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate outcome measures, targets, benchmarks, and incentives are important in value-based payment models. The less quantifiable items, such as strong leadership, transparency, communication and trust, and motivation and engagement of the involved stakeholders, are also important for successful adoption of these models and promote high-quality care at lower or equal costs.
PY - 2025
SN - 1472-6963
SP - 116
ST - Design, implementation and evaluation of value-based payment models: a Delphi study
T1 - Design, implementation and evaluation of value-based payment models: a Delphi study
T2 - BMC Health Serv Res
TI - Design, implementation and evaluation of value-based payment models: a Delphi study
U1 - Financing & Sustainability
U3 - 10.1186/s12913-025-12281-z
VL - 25
VO - 1472-6963
Y1 - 2025
ER -