TY - JOUR
AU - C. R. Whipple
AU - Ö Kaynak
AU - N. E. Kruis
AU - E. Saylor
AU - E. Bonnevie
AU - W. S. Kensinger
A1 - 
AB - Background: The opioid crisis is a public health emergency in the United States, particularly in rural Pennsylvania. Stigma in rural communities is a treatment barrier and impacts harm reduction programming availability.Objectives: The current study utilized an observational, cross-sectional design to examine latent subgroups of stigma and differences in support for harm reduction strategies (i.e., safe injection facilities, syringe services programs, fentanyl test strips, Naloxone distribution). Participants included rural Pennsylvanians (n = 252), taken from a statewide survey of opioid use disorder (OUD) stigma. Participants reported OUD public stigma (i.e., attitudes/perceptions about OUD, willingness to engage with individuals with OUD) and support for harm reduction strategies.Results: Latent class analysis identified 4 stigma classes: 1) high stigma (HS), 2) high judgment/low stigmatizing behavior (HJ/LB), 3) high stigmatizing behavior/low stigmatizing attitude (HB/LA), and 4) low stigma (LS). ANCOVAs identified subgroup differences in harm reduction support. The HS group indicated less support for safe injection sites, syringe services programs, and fentanyl test strips, compared to the HB/LA and LS groups. The HS group indicated less support for Naloxone distribution compared to the HJ/LB, HB/LA, and LS groups. Lastly, the HJ/LB group indicated less support for each program compared to the LS group.Conclusions/Importance: Findings highlight that OUD stigma profiles differ across rural Pennsylvania and are associated with varying support for harm reduction strategies. Individuals with less stigma report more support for harm reduction strategies. Interventions to implement harm reduction strategies should consider varying levels of stigma and use a targeted approach to inform implementation and messaging strategies.
AD - School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA.; Department of Criminal Justice, Penn State Altoona, Altoona, Pennsylvania, USA.; The Public Good Projects, Alexandria, Virginia, USA.
AN - 37622487
BT - Subst Use Misuse
C5 - Opioids & Substance Use; Healthcare Disparities
CP - 14
DO - 10.1080/10826084.2023.2250434
DP - NLM
ET - 20230825
IS - 14
JF - Subst Use Misuse
LA - eng
N2 - Background: The opioid crisis is a public health emergency in the United States, particularly in rural Pennsylvania. Stigma in rural communities is a treatment barrier and impacts harm reduction programming availability.Objectives: The current study utilized an observational, cross-sectional design to examine latent subgroups of stigma and differences in support for harm reduction strategies (i.e., safe injection facilities, syringe services programs, fentanyl test strips, Naloxone distribution). Participants included rural Pennsylvanians (n = 252), taken from a statewide survey of opioid use disorder (OUD) stigma. Participants reported OUD public stigma (i.e., attitudes/perceptions about OUD, willingness to engage with individuals with OUD) and support for harm reduction strategies.Results: Latent class analysis identified 4 stigma classes: 1) high stigma (HS), 2) high judgment/low stigmatizing behavior (HJ/LB), 3) high stigmatizing behavior/low stigmatizing attitude (HB/LA), and 4) low stigma (LS). ANCOVAs identified subgroup differences in harm reduction support. The HS group indicated less support for safe injection sites, syringe services programs, and fentanyl test strips, compared to the HB/LA and LS groups. The HS group indicated less support for Naloxone distribution compared to the HJ/LB, HB/LA, and LS groups. Lastly, the HJ/LB group indicated less support for each program compared to the LS group.Conclusions/Importance: Findings highlight that OUD stigma profiles differ across rural Pennsylvania and are associated with varying support for harm reduction strategies. Individuals with less stigma report more support for harm reduction strategies. Interventions to implement harm reduction strategies should consider varying levels of stigma and use a targeted approach to inform implementation and messaging strategies.
PY - 2023
SN - 1082-6084
SP - 1818
EP - 1828+
ST - Opioid Use Disorder Stigma and Support for Harm Reduction in Rural Counties
T1 - Opioid Use Disorder Stigma and Support for Harm Reduction in Rural Counties
T2 - Subst Use Misuse
TI - Opioid Use Disorder Stigma and Support for Harm Reduction in Rural Counties
U1 - Opioids & Substance Use; Healthcare Disparities
U3 - 10.1080/10826084.2023.2250434
VL - 58
VO - 1082-6084
Y1 - 2023
ER -