TY - JOUR AU - P. Liu AU - P. T. Korthuis AU - B. M. Buchheit A1 - AB - Opioid use disorder continues to drive overdose deaths in many countries, including the United States. Illicit fentanyl and its analogues have emerged as key contributors to the complications and mortality associated with opioid use disorder. Medications for opioid use disorder treatment, such as methadone and buprenorphine, are safe and substantially reduce opioid use, infectious complications, and mortality risk, but remain underutilized. Polysubstance use and emerging substances such as xylazine and designer benzodiazepines create additional treatment challenges. Recent clinical and policy innovations in treatment delivery, including telemedicine, bridge clinics, and expanded models for accessing methadone have the potential to increase access to life-saving care for people living with opioid use disorder. AD - Section of Addiction, Division of General Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA; email: buchheit@ohsu.edu.; Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA.; Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. AN - 37827194 BT - Annu Rev Med C5 - Opioids & Substance Use DA - Jan 29 DO - 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033924 DP - NLM ET - 20231012 JF - Annu Rev Med LA - eng N2 - Opioid use disorder continues to drive overdose deaths in many countries, including the United States. Illicit fentanyl and its analogues have emerged as key contributors to the complications and mortality associated with opioid use disorder. Medications for opioid use disorder treatment, such as methadone and buprenorphine, are safe and substantially reduce opioid use, infectious complications, and mortality risk, but remain underutilized. Polysubstance use and emerging substances such as xylazine and designer benzodiazepines create additional treatment challenges. Recent clinical and policy innovations in treatment delivery, including telemedicine, bridge clinics, and expanded models for accessing methadone have the potential to increase access to life-saving care for people living with opioid use disorder. PY - 2024 SN - 0066-4219 SP - 83 EP - 97+ ST - Novel Therapeutic and Program-Based Approaches to Opioid Use Disorders T1 - Novel Therapeutic and Program-Based Approaches to Opioid Use Disorders T2 - Annu Rev Med TI - Novel Therapeutic and Program-Based Approaches to Opioid Use Disorders U1 - Opioids & Substance Use U3 - 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033924 VL - 75 VO - 0066-4219 Y1 - 2024 ER -