TY - JOUR
KW - Adaptation, Psychological
KW - Adult
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Humans
KW - Iran
KW - Male
KW - Multivariate Analysis
KW - Opioid-Related Disorders/drug therapy
KW - Risk Assessment/methods
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW - Young Adult
KW - Young Schema Questionnaire
KW - early maladaptive schemas
KW - opioid use disorder
AU - S. Zamirinejad
AU - S. K. Hojjat
AU - A. Moslem
AU - V. MoghaddamHosseini
AU - A. Akaberi
A1 - 
AB - Substance use is a globally devastating social problem. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are inefficient mechanisms leading directly or indirectly to psychological distress. The current study aimed to assess the role of EMSs in predicting opioid use disorder. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013 in Bojnurd at northeast of Iran on 60 male opioid users who received Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) and 60 control males. The opioid users were selected randomly from MMT clinics and control subjects were selected and matched with opioid users using demographic variables. The subjects completed the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF). Except for SS (self-sacrifice), EG (entitlement/grandiosity), US (unrelenting standards), and FA (Failure to Achieve), the mean of other maladaptive schemas in the opioid user group were significantly higher than that of the control group, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated significant differences in maladaptive schemas between the two groups. Logistic regression identified that Emotional Deprivation, Mistrust/Abuse, and Unrelenting Standards can predict opioid use. As a result, the risk of opioid-related disorders in people with higher YSQ-SF scores in these schemas is higher. The findings conclude that the existence of underlying EMS may constitute a vulnerability factor for developing opioid use disorders later on in life. Provided the vast amount of scientific literature in evidence-based treatments focusing on EMSs, maladaptive schemas and related core beliefs can be detected and treated in adolescence to prevent the enactment of the schema and psychological distress likely to induce opioid use.
AD - 1 Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.; 1 Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.; 2 Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.; 3 Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Hungary.; 4 Nursing and Midwifery College, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.; 5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.; 6 McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
BT - American journal of men's health
C5 - Opioids & Substance Use
CP - 2
CY - United States
DO - 10.1177/1557988317742230
IS - 2
JF - American journal of men's health
M1 - Journal Article
N2 - Substance use is a globally devastating social problem. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are inefficient mechanisms leading directly or indirectly to psychological distress. The current study aimed to assess the role of EMSs in predicting opioid use disorder. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013 in Bojnurd at northeast of Iran on 60 male opioid users who received Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) and 60 control males. The opioid users were selected randomly from MMT clinics and control subjects were selected and matched with opioid users using demographic variables. The subjects completed the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF). Except for SS (self-sacrifice), EG (entitlement/grandiosity), US (unrelenting standards), and FA (Failure to Achieve), the mean of other maladaptive schemas in the opioid user group were significantly higher than that of the control group, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated significant differences in maladaptive schemas between the two groups. Logistic regression identified that Emotional Deprivation, Mistrust/Abuse, and Unrelenting Standards can predict opioid use. As a result, the risk of opioid-related disorders in people with higher YSQ-SF scores in these schemas is higher. The findings conclude that the existence of underlying EMS may constitute a vulnerability factor for developing opioid use disorders later on in life. Provided the vast amount of scientific literature in evidence-based treatments focusing on EMSs, maladaptive schemas and related core beliefs can be detected and treated in adolescence to prevent the enactment of the schema and psychological distress likely to induce opioid use.
PP - United States
PY - 2018
SN - 1557-9891; 1557-9883
SP - 202
EP - 209
EP - 
T1 - Predicting the Risk of Opioid Use Disorder Based on Early Maladaptive Schemas
T2 - American journal of men's health
TI - Predicting the Risk of Opioid Use Disorder Based on Early Maladaptive Schemas
U1 - Opioids & Substance Use
U2 - 29145774
U3 - 10.1177/1557988317742230
VL - 12
VO - 1557-9891; 1557-9883
Y1 - 2018
Y2 - Mar
ER -