TY - JOUR
KW - Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects/chemistry/supply & distribution
KW - Anesthesiology/methods/standards
KW - Drug Compounding
KW - Drug Prescriptions
KW - Epidemics
KW - Guideline Adherence
KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
KW - Health Services Needs and Demand/standards
KW - Humans
KW - Inappropriate Prescribing
KW - Needs Assessment
KW - Opioid-Related Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention & control
KW - Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention & control
KW - Patient Education as Topic
KW - Practice Guidelines as Topic
KW - Practice Patterns, Physicians'
KW - Prescription Drug Diversion/prevention & control
KW - Prescription Drug Misuse/prevention & control
KW - United States/epidemiology
AU - D. J. Clark
AU - M. A. Schumacher
A1 - 
AB - America is in the midst of an opioid epidemic characterized by aggressive prescribing practices, highly prevalent opioid misuse, and rising rates of prescription and illicit opioid overdose-related deaths. Medical and lay public sentiment have become more cautious with respect to prescription opioid use in the past few years, but a comprehensive strategy to reduce our reliance on prescription opioids is lacking. Addressing this epidemic through reductions in unnecessary access to these drugs while implementing measures to reduce demand will be important components of any comprehensive solution. Key supply-side measures include avoiding overprescribing, reducing diversion, and discouraging misuse through changes in drug formulations. Important demand-side measures center around educating patients and clinicians regarding the pitfalls of opioid overuse and methods to avoid unnecessary exposure to these drugs. Anesthesiologists, by virtue of their expertise in the use of these drugs and their position in guiding opioid use around the time of surgery, have important roles to play in reducing patient exposure to opioids and providing education about appropriate use. Aside from the many immediate steps that can be taken, clinical and basic research directed at understanding the interaction between pain and opioid misuse is critical to identifying the optimal use of these powerful pain relievers in clinical practice.
AD - From the *Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California; and daggerUCSF Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Division of Pain Medicine, San Francisco, California.
BT - Anesthesia and Analgesia
C5 - Education & Workforce; Opioids & Substance Use
CP - 5
CY - United States
DO - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002388
IS - 5
JF - Anesthesia and Analgesia
M1 - Journal Article
N2 - America is in the midst of an opioid epidemic characterized by aggressive prescribing practices, highly prevalent opioid misuse, and rising rates of prescription and illicit opioid overdose-related deaths. Medical and lay public sentiment have become more cautious with respect to prescription opioid use in the past few years, but a comprehensive strategy to reduce our reliance on prescription opioids is lacking. Addressing this epidemic through reductions in unnecessary access to these drugs while implementing measures to reduce demand will be important components of any comprehensive solution. Key supply-side measures include avoiding overprescribing, reducing diversion, and discouraging misuse through changes in drug formulations. Important demand-side measures center around educating patients and clinicians regarding the pitfalls of opioid overuse and methods to avoid unnecessary exposure to these drugs. Anesthesiologists, by virtue of their expertise in the use of these drugs and their position in guiding opioid use around the time of surgery, have important roles to play in reducing patient exposure to opioids and providing education about appropriate use. Aside from the many immediate steps that can be taken, clinical and basic research directed at understanding the interaction between pain and opioid misuse is critical to identifying the optimal use of these powerful pain relievers in clinical practice.
PP - United States
PY - 2017
SN - 1526-7598; 0003-2999
SP - 1667
EP - 1674
EP - 
T1 - America's Opioid Epidemic: Supply and Demand Considerations
T2 - Anesthesia and Analgesia
TI - America's Opioid Epidemic: Supply and Demand Considerations
U1 - Education & Workforce; Opioids & Substance Use
U2 - 29049112
U3 - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002388
VL - 125
VO - 1526-7598; 0003-2999
Y1 - 2017
Y2 - Nov
ER -