TY - JOUR
KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
KW - Health Policy
KW - Humans
KW - Needs Assessment
KW - Opioid-Related Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control
KW - Prescription Drug Misuse/adverse effects/prevention & control/statistics & numerical data
KW - Preventive Psychiatry/methods
KW - Substance Abuse Detection/methods
KW - United States
AU - K. T. Brady
AU - J. L. McCauley
AU - S. E. Back
A1 - 
AB - OBJECTIVE: Prescription opioid abuse and dependence have escalated rapidly in the United States over the past 20 years, leading to high rates of overdose deaths and a dramatic increase in the number of people seeking treatment for opioid dependence. The authors review the scope of the abuse and overdose epidemic, prescription practices, and the assessment, treatment, and prevention of prescription opioid misuse and dependence. METHOD: The authors provide an overview of the literature from 2006 to the present, with the twin goals of highlighting advances in prevention and treatment and identifying remaining gaps in the science. RESULTS: A number of policy and educational initiatives at the state and federal government level have been undertaken in the past 5 years to help providers and consumers, respectively, prescribe and use opioids more responsibly. Initial reports suggest that diversion and abuse levels have begun to plateau, likely as a result of these initiatives. While there is a large body of research suggesting that opioid substitution coupled with psychosocial interventions is the best treatment option for heroin dependence, there is limited research focusing specifically on the treatment of prescription opioid dependence. In particular, the treatment of chronic pain in individuals with prescription opioid use disorders is underexplored. CONCLUSIONS: While policy and educational initiatives appear to be effective in decreasing prescription opioid abuse and misuse, research focusing on the development and evaluation of treatments specific to prescription opioid dependence and its common comorbidities (e.g., chronic pain, depression) is critically needed.
BT - The American Journal of Psychiatry
C5 - Opioids & Substance Use; Education & Workforce; Healthcare Policy
CP - 1
CY - United States
DO - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15020262
IS - 1
JF - The American Journal of Psychiatry
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Prescription opioid abuse and dependence have escalated rapidly in the United States over the past 20 years, leading to high rates of overdose deaths and a dramatic increase in the number of people seeking treatment for opioid dependence. The authors review the scope of the abuse and overdose epidemic, prescription practices, and the assessment, treatment, and prevention of prescription opioid misuse and dependence. METHOD: The authors provide an overview of the literature from 2006 to the present, with the twin goals of highlighting advances in prevention and treatment and identifying remaining gaps in the science. RESULTS: A number of policy and educational initiatives at the state and federal government level have been undertaken in the past 5 years to help providers and consumers, respectively, prescribe and use opioids more responsibly. Initial reports suggest that diversion and abuse levels have begun to plateau, likely as a result of these initiatives. While there is a large body of research suggesting that opioid substitution coupled with psychosocial interventions is the best treatment option for heroin dependence, there is limited research focusing specifically on the treatment of prescription opioid dependence. In particular, the treatment of chronic pain in individuals with prescription opioid use disorders is underexplored. CONCLUSIONS: While policy and educational initiatives appear to be effective in decreasing prescription opioid abuse and misuse, research focusing on the development and evaluation of treatments specific to prescription opioid dependence and its common comorbidities (e.g., chronic pain, depression) is critically needed.
PP - United States
PY - 2016
SN - 1535-7228; 0002-953X
SP - 18
EP - 26
EP - 
T1 - Prescription Opioid Misuse, Abuse, and Treatment in the United States: An Update
T2 - The American Journal of Psychiatry
TI - Prescription Opioid Misuse, Abuse, and Treatment in the United States: An Update
U1 - Opioids & Substance Use; Education & Workforce; Healthcare Policy
U2 - 26337039
U3 - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15020262
VL - 173
VO - 1535-7228; 0002-953X
Y1 - 2016
ER -