TY - JOUR KW - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/economics KW - Buprenorphine/economics/therapeutic use KW - Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/economics/methods KW - Female KW - Financing, Government KW - Health Care Costs KW - Health Policy KW - Health Resources KW - HIV Infections/diagnosis/drug therapy/economics KW - Humans KW - Insurance, Health, Reimbursement/economics KW - Male KW - Narcotic Antagonists/economics/therapeutic use KW - Opioid-Related Disorders/diagnosis/drug therapy/economics KW - Primary Health Care/economics KW - Quality of Health Care KW - United States AU - B. R. Schackman AU - J. O. Merrill AU - D. McCarty AU - J. Levi AU - C. Lubinski A1 - AB - Treatment for substance abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection historically have come from different providers, often in separate locations, and have been reimbursed through separate funding streams. We describe policy and financing challenges faced by health care providers seeking to integrate buprenorphine, a new treatment for opioid dependence, into HIV primary care. Regulatory challenges include licensing and training restrictions imposed by the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 and confidentiality regulations for alcohol and drug treatment records. Potential responses include the development of local training programs and electronic medical records. Addressing the complexity of funding sources for integrated care will require administrative support, up-front investments, and federal and state leadership. A policy and financing research agenda should address evidence gaps in the rationales for regulatory restrictions and should include cost-effectiveness studies that quantify the "value for money" of investments in integrated care to improve health outcomes for HIV-infected patients with opioid dependence. BT - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America C5 - Financing & Sustainability; HIT & Telehealth; Healthcare Policy CY - United States DO - 10.1086/508190 JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America N2 - Treatment for substance abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection historically have come from different providers, often in separate locations, and have been reimbursed through separate funding streams. We describe policy and financing challenges faced by health care providers seeking to integrate buprenorphine, a new treatment for opioid dependence, into HIV primary care. Regulatory challenges include licensing and training restrictions imposed by the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 and confidentiality regulations for alcohol and drug treatment records. Potential responses include the development of local training programs and electronic medical records. Addressing the complexity of funding sources for integrated care will require administrative support, up-front investments, and federal and state leadership. A policy and financing research agenda should address evidence gaps in the rationales for regulatory restrictions and should include cost-effectiveness studies that quantify the "value for money" of investments in integrated care to improve health outcomes for HIV-infected patients with opioid dependence. PP - United States PY - 2006 SN - 1537-6591; 1058-4838 EP - 53 EP - S247+ T1 - Overcoming policy and financing barriers to integrated buprenorphine and HIV primary care T2 - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America TI - Overcoming policy and financing barriers to integrated buprenorphine and HIV primary care U1 - Financing & Sustainability; HIT & Telehealth; Healthcare Policy U2 - 17109311 U3 - 10.1086/508190 VL - 43 Suppl 4 VO - 1537-6591; 1058-4838 Y1 - 2006 ER -