TY - JOUR
KW - Ambulatory Care/economics
KW - Case-Control Studies
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Depressive Disorder/drug therapy/economics/epidemiology
KW - Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy/economics/epidemiology
KW - Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data
KW - Female
KW - Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Netherlands/epidemiology
KW - Primary Health Care/economics
KW - Regression Analysis
KW - Retrospective Studies
AU - J. E. Bosmans
AU - M. C. Adriaanse
A1 - 
AB - BACKGROUND: To assess differences in outpatient costs among pharmaceutically treated diabetes patients with and without a diagnosis of depression in a Dutch primary care setting. METHODS: A retrospective case control study over 3 years (2002-2004). Data on 7128 depressed patients and 23772 non-depressed matched controls were available from the electronic medical record system of 20 general practices organized in one large primary care organization in the Netherlands. A total of 393 depressed patients with diabetes and 494 non-depressed patients with diabetes were identified in these records. The data that were extracted from the medical record system concerned only outpatient costs, which included GP care, referrals, and medication. RESULTS: Mean total outpatient costs per year in depressed diabetes patients were euro1039 (SD 743) in the period 2002-2004, which was more than two times as high as in non-depressed diabetes patients (euro492, SD 434). After correction for age, sex, type of insurance, diabetes treatment, and comorbidity, the difference in total annual costs between depressed and non-depressed diabetes patients changed from euro408 (uncorrected) to euro463 (corrected) in multilevel analyses. Correction for comorbidity had the largest impact on the difference in costs between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient costs in depressed patients with diabetes are substantially higher than in non-depressed patients with diabetes even after adjusting for confounders. Future research should investigate whether effective treatment of depression among diabetes patients can reduce health care costs in the long term.
BT - BMC health services research
C5 - HIT & Telehealth
CY - England
DO - 10.1186/1472-6963-12-46
JF - BMC health services research
N2 - BACKGROUND: To assess differences in outpatient costs among pharmaceutically treated diabetes patients with and without a diagnosis of depression in a Dutch primary care setting. METHODS: A retrospective case control study over 3 years (2002-2004). Data on 7128 depressed patients and 23772 non-depressed matched controls were available from the electronic medical record system of 20 general practices organized in one large primary care organization in the Netherlands. A total of 393 depressed patients with diabetes and 494 non-depressed patients with diabetes were identified in these records. The data that were extracted from the medical record system concerned only outpatient costs, which included GP care, referrals, and medication. RESULTS: Mean total outpatient costs per year in depressed diabetes patients were euro1039 (SD 743) in the period 2002-2004, which was more than two times as high as in non-depressed diabetes patients (euro492, SD 434). After correction for age, sex, type of insurance, diabetes treatment, and comorbidity, the difference in total annual costs between depressed and non-depressed diabetes patients changed from euro408 (uncorrected) to euro463 (corrected) in multilevel analyses. Correction for comorbidity had the largest impact on the difference in costs between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient costs in depressed patients with diabetes are substantially higher than in non-depressed patients with diabetes even after adjusting for confounders. Future research should investigate whether effective treatment of depression among diabetes patients can reduce health care costs in the long term.
PP - England
PY - 2012
SN - 1472-6963; 1472-6963
SP - 46
T1 - Outpatient costs in pharmaceutically treated diabetes patients with and without a diagnosis of depression in a Dutch primary care setting
T2 - BMC health services research
TI - Outpatient costs in pharmaceutically treated diabetes patients with and without a diagnosis of depression in a Dutch primary care setting
U1 - HIT & Telehealth
U2 - 22361361
U3 - 10.1186/1472-6963-12-46
VL - 12
VO - 1472-6963; 1472-6963
Y1 - 2012
ER -