TY - JOUR
KW - Adult
KW - African Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data
KW - European Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data
KW - Female
KW - Hispanic Americans/statistics & numerical data
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Opioid-Related Disorders/epidemiology/mortality
KW - Prescription Drug Misuse/mortality/statistics & numerical data/trends
KW - Prevalence
KW - Regression Analysis
KW - Socioeconomic Factors
KW - Time Factors
KW - United States/epidemiology
KW - Young Adult
AU - B. Han
AU - W. M. Compton
AU - C. M. Jones
AU - R. Cai
A1 - 
AB - IMPORTANCE: Since 1999, the United States has experienced increases in morbidity and mortality associated with nonmedical use of prescription opioids. OBJECTIVE: To assess national trends in and characteristics of nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders and the national trend in related mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prevalence of nonmedical use and use disorders and related risk factors were based on data from 472,200 persons aged 18 through 64 years who participated in the 2003-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. Mortality was based on the 2003-2013 National Vital Statistics System's Multiple Cause of Death Files. EXPOSURES: Prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders. RESULTS: Among adults aged 18 through 64 years, the prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids decreased from 5.4% (95% CI, 5.08%-5.70%) in 2003 to 4.9% (95% CI, 4.58%-5.22%) in 2013 (absolute difference, -0.5%; 95% CI, -0.11% to -0.89%), but the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders increased from 0.6% (95% CI, 0.54%-0.76%) in 2003 to 0.9% (95% CI, 0.75%-1.01%) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.3%; 95% CI, 0.03%-0.43%). The 12-month prevalence of high-frequency use (>/=200 days) also increased from 0.3% (95% CI, 0.19%-0.35%) in 2003 to 0.4% (95% CI, 0.31%-0.48%) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.1%; 95% CI, 0.01%-0.29%). Mortality assessed by drug overdose death rates involving prescription opioids increased from 4.5 per 100,000 (95% CI, 4.42-4.61) in 2003 to 7.8 per 100,000 (95% CI, 7.64-7.89) in 2013 (absolute difference, 3.3; 95% CI, 3.09-3.41) among adults aged 18 through 64 years. The mean number of days of nonmedical use of prescription opioids increased from 2.1 (95% CI, 1.83-2.37) in 2003 to 2.6 (95% CI, 2.27-2.85) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.5, 95% CI, 0.05-0.86). The model-adjusted prevalence of having prescription opioid use disorders among nonmedical users increased to 15.7% (95% CI, 13.87%-17.67%) in 2010, 16.1% (95% CI, 14.36%-17.99%) in 2011, 17.0% (95% CI, 15.07%-19.12%) in 2012, and 16.9% (95% CI, 14.95%-19.03%) in 2013 from 12.7% (95% CI, 11.04%-14.53%) in 2003. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: During the 2003-2013 years, among adults aged 18 through 64 years, the percentage of nonmedical use of prescription opioids decreased. In contrast, the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders, frequency of use, and related mortality increased.
BT - JAMA
C5 - Opioids & Substance Use
CP - 14
CY - United States
DO - 10.1001/jama.2015.11859
IS - 14
JF - JAMA
N2 - IMPORTANCE: Since 1999, the United States has experienced increases in morbidity and mortality associated with nonmedical use of prescription opioids. OBJECTIVE: To assess national trends in and characteristics of nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders and the national trend in related mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prevalence of nonmedical use and use disorders and related risk factors were based on data from 472,200 persons aged 18 through 64 years who participated in the 2003-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. Mortality was based on the 2003-2013 National Vital Statistics System's Multiple Cause of Death Files. EXPOSURES: Prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Nonmedical prescription opioid use and use disorders. RESULTS: Among adults aged 18 through 64 years, the prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids decreased from 5.4% (95% CI, 5.08%-5.70%) in 2003 to 4.9% (95% CI, 4.58%-5.22%) in 2013 (absolute difference, -0.5%; 95% CI, -0.11% to -0.89%), but the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders increased from 0.6% (95% CI, 0.54%-0.76%) in 2003 to 0.9% (95% CI, 0.75%-1.01%) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.3%; 95% CI, 0.03%-0.43%). The 12-month prevalence of high-frequency use (>/=200 days) also increased from 0.3% (95% CI, 0.19%-0.35%) in 2003 to 0.4% (95% CI, 0.31%-0.48%) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.1%; 95% CI, 0.01%-0.29%). Mortality assessed by drug overdose death rates involving prescription opioids increased from 4.5 per 100,000 (95% CI, 4.42-4.61) in 2003 to 7.8 per 100,000 (95% CI, 7.64-7.89) in 2013 (absolute difference, 3.3; 95% CI, 3.09-3.41) among adults aged 18 through 64 years. The mean number of days of nonmedical use of prescription opioids increased from 2.1 (95% CI, 1.83-2.37) in 2003 to 2.6 (95% CI, 2.27-2.85) in 2013 (absolute difference, 0.5, 95% CI, 0.05-0.86). The model-adjusted prevalence of having prescription opioid use disorders among nonmedical users increased to 15.7% (95% CI, 13.87%-17.67%) in 2010, 16.1% (95% CI, 14.36%-17.99%) in 2011, 17.0% (95% CI, 15.07%-19.12%) in 2012, and 16.9% (95% CI, 14.95%-19.03%) in 2013 from 12.7% (95% CI, 11.04%-14.53%) in 2003. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: During the 2003-2013 years, among adults aged 18 through 64 years, the percentage of nonmedical use of prescription opioids decreased. In contrast, the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders, frequency of use, and related mortality increased.
PP - United States
PY - 2015
SN - 1538-3598; 0098-7484
SP - 1468
EP - 1478
EP - 
T1 - Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013
T2 - JAMA
TI - Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013
U1 - Opioids & Substance Use
U2 - 26461997
U3 - 10.1001/jama.2015.11859
VL - 314
VO - 1538-3598; 0098-7484
Y1 - 2015
ER -